Pennsylvania county well guide

Well Water in Adams County, PA: Testing, Contractors and Rules

About 21,713 households in Adams County, 53% of the county, rely on a private well. Nobody tests that water unless the owner does.

Labs within 40 milesLicensed contractors
53%of households on a private well
Share on wells, county vs state
Adams County53%
Pennsylvania average27%
73licensed contractors serve the county
7 mito the nearest certified lab, Laboratory, Analytical and Biological Services, Inc
Nostatewide test required when a home is sold

Most homes in Adams County are on a private well: about 21,713 households, 53% of the county. That makes Adams County one of the places in Pennsylvania where the water department is the homeowner.

Local rules for wells in Adams County

Pennsylvania sets no statewide construction or testing standard for private wells, so what applies in Adams County depends on the county and the township. Some municipalities require a permit or a test at sale; many require nothing. Check with the township before drilling or selling, and treat the state guidance below as the floor.

At a glance

Water test for a new wellNot required statewide

Pennsylvania has no statewide private well construction standards or mandatory testing. DCNR licenses drillers but states that licensure does not require demonstrated knowledge of proper drilling. Some counties and townships (for example Chester County) have local well ordinances.

Water test when a home is soldNot required statewide

No statewide requirement. FHA, VA and USDA loans typically require a water test; some townships require testing at transfer.

What the state recommends

DEP recommends testing every year for total coliform bacteria, nitrate, total dissolved solids and pH, plus additional tests for any suspected contaminant. Penn State Extension recommends a broader panel every 3 years (metals, hardness, chloride, sulfate) and testing after flooding, repairs or a change in taste, odor or color.

Free or low-cost testingAvailable

DEP regional offices sell low-cost bacteria test kits. Penn State Agricultural Analytical Services Lab offers mail-in drinking water kits at cost.

Getting your water tested near Adams County

5 certified labs within 40 miles serve Adams County, starting with Laboratory, Analytical and Biological Services, Inc in New Oxford (in the county). Each card below shows whether the lab takes homeowner samples and which tests it is certified for.

5 certified labs within 40 miles

Licensed well contractors serving Adams County

35 licensed contractors serve Adams County, including A C Reider Inc and Alexander’s. Each profile carries the state license number and the date we checked it, and the filters below sort them by drilling, pump work or treatment.

Well depth and water chemistry

What comes up with the water depends on the aquifer. A first full panel tells you which of them apply to your well.

Typical well depth

Varies by location. Check the state well record search for logs of nearby wells.

Contaminants to test for
  • Coliform bacteria
  • Nitrate
  • Iron
  • Manganese
  • Hardness
  • Low pH
  • Radon
  • Arsenic (some regions)
  • Methane (gas regions)

Neighboring counties: York County, Cumberland County, Franklin County, Dauphin County.

What well work costs in Adams County

Basic bacteria and nitrate test$25 to $75lab fee, homeowner sample
Full panel lab test$150 to $400metals, VOCs, radiologicals
Well inspection$250 to $550flow, pressure, visual, water test
Submersible pump replacement$1,200 to $4,500parts and labor
Pressure tank replacement$400 to $1,200installed
Whole-house treatment system$800 to $6,000softener, iron filter, UV, RO
New well drilled$5,500 to $25,000about $25 to $65 per foot
Shock chlorination$80 to $300or about $20 as a DIY job

National ranges from published 2025 to 2026 contractor pricing. Local quotes vary with depth, access and materials.

Questions Adams County well owners ask

How many homes in Adams County are on a well?

About 21,713, or 53% of households, based on Census housing data and state well surveys. The share is highest outside the towns with public water.

Where is the closest certified lab to Adams County?

Laboratory, Analytical and Biological Services, Inc in New Oxford, inside the county. Call first to ask whether they accept homeowner samples.

Do I need a permit to drill a well in Adams County?

Pennsylvania has no statewide permit, but some townships and counties require one. Ask the township office before work starts.

What does a well test cost near Adams County?

A bacteria and nitrate test runs $25 to $75 at most certified labs; a full panel with metals is $150 to $400. Mail-in kits cost about the same as walking in.